Heat-Clearing Formulas

清金化痰湯 · Qīng Jīn Huà Tán Tāng

Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang

A classical formula for Lung phlegm-heat with yellow sputum, sore throat and chest discomfort.

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Last reviewed August 2026
Formula CategoryHeat-Clearing Formulas
Primary PatternPhlegm-Heat
Primary FunctionClear Lung heat, resolve phlegm, stop cough
Primary Therapeutic PrincipleClear phlegm-heat from the Lung metal
Main HerbsScutellaria / Baikal Skullcap · Gardenia Fruit · Platycodon Root · Ophiopogon Tuber · Mulberry Root Bark · Fritillaria Bulb · Anemarrhena Rhizome · Trichosanthes Seed · Tangerine Peel · Poria / Hoelen · Licorice Root
Classical SourceClassical TCM formulary

Why This Formula?

Traditionally selected for Lung heat with yellow phlegm and sore throat, rather than heavier phlegm-heat, constrained heat without much phlegm, or Yin-deficiency dry cough.

Traditionally selected for Lung heat with yellow phlegm and sore throat, rather than heavier phlegm-heat, constrained heat without much phlegm, or Yin-deficiency dry cough.

What Is Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang?

1. Origin & Development

Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang (清金化痰汤), or Clear Metal and Transform Phlegm Decoction, is a classical formula recorded in Tong Zhi Fang and later cited in Za Bing Guang Yao. It belongs to the category of formulas that clear Lung Heat, transform Phlegm, and moisten dryness.

This formula addresses Phlegm-Heat congesting the Lungs (the Metal organ) with some injury to Lung fluids. Typical signs include cough with thick yellow phlegm that is difficult to expectorate and may be foul or streaked with blood, a dry painful throat, a flushed face, a sensation of heat in the nose, a yellow greasy tongue coating, and a soggy or slippery rapid pulse.

Combining Huang Qin and Zhi Zi to clear Lung Fire, Zhi Mu, Mai Men Dong, and Gua Lou Ren to nourish Yin, moisten dryness, and loosen Phlegm, Bei Mu, Ju Hong, and Jie Geng to transform Phlegm and disseminate Lung Qi, Sang Bai Pi to drain Heat and descend Lung Qi, Fu Ling to leach Dampness, and Gan Cao to harmonize and soothe the throat, Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang clears Heat from Metal, transforms sticky Phlegm, and protects Lung Yin more than purely drying Phlegm-Heat formulas.

Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang

2. Respiratory Diseases

Clinically, Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang is a highly popular choice for respiratory issues driven by "lung heat."

  • Acute Bronchitis: For patients suffering from severe coughing, thick yellow mucus, fever, and heavy thirst, this formula quickly clears the heat and quiets the cough.
  • Early-Stage Pneumonia: When a patient presents with a fever, hacking cough, and trapped phlegm, practitioners often use this formula as a base to control the condition and speed up the healing process.

3. Pulmonary Infections

When the lungs are fighting off bacterial or viral infections and showing clear signs of lung heat, this formula can be incredibly supportive. For instance, in cases of viral pneumonia where the patient has a cough, fever, and yellow phlegm, a TCM practitioner might diagnose it as a lung heat pattern. In these cases, Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang helps balance the body's internal environment, boosts natural resistance, and works alongside standard anti-infection treatments to help the patient bounce back faster.

Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang

4. Other Related Conditions

Because the lungs and throat are connected, this formula is also great for upper respiratory discomforts. If lung heat travels upward, it can cause a sore, red, swollen throat or a hoarse voice. By flushing the heat out of the lungs, Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang naturally cools and soothes the vocal cords and throat.

Herb Composition (Sovereign / Minister / Assistant / Envoy)

1. King Herbs - Huang Qin and Zhi Zi

  • Huang Qin (Baical Skullcap Root): This herb is known for its bitter and cold nature. It primarily targets the lung, gallbladder, spleen, and intestinal meridians. Its main job is to clear heat, dry dampness, and purge fire. In the formula Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang (Clearing the Metal and Resolving Phlegm Decoction), it plays a crucial role in clearing out internal fire, making it highly effective for treating hot phlegm caused by excessive internal heat.
  • Zhi Zi (Cape Jasmine Fruit): Also bitter and cold, this herb works on the heart, lung, and triple energizer meridians. It helps to relieve restlessness, clear heat, and cool the blood. It acts as a perfect partner to Huang Qin, boosting the formula's overall power to flush out excessive internal heat.

Together, these two serve as the "King" (or Monarch) herbs, tackling the main root cause of the illness: internal heat.

2. Minister Herbs - Zhi Mu, Sang Bai Pi, and Jie Geng

  • Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome): This herb clears heat and purges fire, but crucially, it also nourishes internal yin (fluids). This prevents the strong heat-clearing King herbs from drying out the body too much.
  • Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark): Known for its cooling properties, it specifically targets the lung meridian to relieve asthma, clear phlegm-heat, and reduce swelling. It smooths out lung energy, easing coughs and throat congestion.
  • Jie Geng (Platycodon Root): This herb acts as a natural expectorant. It helps to open up the lungs, resolve phlegm, and soothe the throat, making it much easier for the patient to cough up stubborn mucus.

Working synergistically with Sang Bai Pi, these three "Minister" herbs strongly support the King herbs in clearing heat, resolving phlegm, and calming coughs.

3. Assistant Herbs - Zhe Bei Mu, Gua Lou, Chen Pi, and Fu Ling

  • Zhe Bei Mu (Thunberg Fritillary Bulb) and Gua Lou (Trichosanthes Fruit): Both are excellent at clearing heat and breaking down thick phlegm. Zhe Bei Mu specifically moistens the lungs to stop coughing, while Gua Lou opens the chest and moistens the intestines to help expel heat-toxins through bowel movements.
  • Chen Pi (Dried Tangerine Peel): This classic herb regulates the body's energy (qi) and dries dampness. By getting the energy flowing smoothly, it naturally helps the body eliminate phlegm.
  • Fu Ling (Poria): This herb gently drains dampness and strengthens the spleen. A strong spleen prevents the body from creating new phlegm and helps absorb the other herbs more effectively.

These four "Assistant" herbs work behind the scenes to boost the overall phlegm-clearing power and prevent future buildup.

Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang

4. Guide Herb - Gan Cao

  • Gan Cao (Licorice Root): This neutral herb acts as the peacemaker of the formula. It moistens the lungs and relieves coughing on its own, but its most important job as the "Guide" (or Envoy) herb is to harmonize all the other ingredients. It ensures that the cold, bitter, and damp-drying herbs work smoothly together without upsetting the stomach.

Clinical Presentation in TCM

1. Pathogenesis

This formula specifically targets a condition where heat is trapped in the lungs, baking the body's natural moisture and turning it into thick phlegm. This can happen from catching a hot-natured cold or from internal imbalances that generate internal fire. When this heat attacks the lungs, normal breathing is disrupted, leading to coughing, wheezing, and stubborn mucus.

2. Effects

The primary goals of this formula are to:

  • Clear heat and purge lung fire.
  • Resolve phlegm and thin out sticky mucus.
  • Relieve coughing and calm asthma.

By removing the root cause (lung heat), it allows the lungs to function normally again, helping the patient breathe easier and clearing chest congestion.

Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang

3. Indications

Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang is traditionally used for lung heat patterns. Common signs that this formula might be helpful include:

  • A harsh cough, sometimes with shortness of breath or wheezing.
  • Coughing up thick, sticky, yellow phlegm.
  • A feeling of fullness or stuffiness in the chest.
  • Restlessness, a red tongue with a greasy yellow coating, and a rapid pulse.

In modern applications, practitioners often use this formula to help manage symptoms associated with respiratory infections, bronchitis, and pneumonia, provided the patient shows clear signs of "lung heat."

The Mechanism in Classical Theory

1. Treat Root Cause by Clearing Heat

In this formula, Huang Qin (Baical Skullcap Root), Zhi Zi (Cape Jasmine Fruit), and Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) act as the core team for clearing heat and putting out internal fire.

  • Huang Qin specifically targets and purges lung fire.
  • Zhi Zi acts as a powerful assistant, boosting the overall cooling effect.
  • Zhi Mu is unique because it clears heat while also nourishing the body's natural fluids (yin).

Together, these three directly attack the excessive heat trapped in the lungs, effectively knocking out the root cause of the cough and thick phlegm.

2. Treat Symptoms by Resolving Phlegm

While the first group handles the heat, Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark), Jie Geng (Platycodon Root), Zhe Bei Mu (Thunberg Fritillary Bulb), Gua Lou (Trichosanthes Fruit), and Chen Pi (Dried Tangerine Peel) focus entirely on clearing up the mucus and calming the cough.

  • Sang Bai Pi and Jie Geng work in perfect harmony to open the lungs and make sticky phlegm easier to cough up.
  • Zhe Bei Mu and Gua Lou provide a dual action of cooling the lungs and breaking down stubborn mucus.
  • Chen Pi steps in to keep the body's energy (qi) flowing smoothly, which naturally helps flush out the phlegm.

This combination rapidly relieves the patient's most annoying symptoms.

3. Prevent Phlegm by Strengthening the Spleen

Fu Ling (Poria) plays a critical preventative role. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the spleen is deeply connected to fluid digestion. By strengthening the spleen and safely draining out dampness, Fu Ling ensures that the digestive system handles fluids properly. This stops the body from creating new "phlegm-dampness" from the inside out, essentially cutting off the mucus supply at its source for long-lasting relief.

Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang

4. Harmonize Herbs for Synergy

Gan Cao (Licorice Root) is the ultimate peacemaker of the formula. It gently smooths out the strong properties of the other herbs, ensuring they all work together safely and effectively without clashing or upsetting the stomach. As a bonus, Gan Cao naturally moistens the lungs and soothes the throat, giving an extra layer of cough relief.

Clinical Comparison Table

Compare Qing Jin Hua Tan TangQing Qi Hua Tan TangXie Bai SanBai He Gu Jin Tang
Primary Function Clear Lung heat, resolve phlegm, stop coughClear heat, resolve phlegm, regulate QiClear Lung heat, stop cough and wheezingNourish Lung-Kidney Yin, moisten Lungs, stop cough
Formula Category Heat-Clearing FormulasPhlegm-Resolving FormulasHeat-Clearing FormulasYin-Tonifying Formulas
Typical TCM Pattern Phlegm-HeatPhlegm-HeatLung HeatYin Deficiency
Main Conditions Dry Cough, Sore ThroatChest Tightness, Excessive MucusCough, Dry Cough, FeverDry Cough, Yin Deficiency Constitution, Night Sweats
Main Herbs Scutellaria / Baikal Skullcap · Gardenia Fruit · Platycodon Root · Ophiopogon Tuber · Mulberry Root Bark · Fritillaria Bulb · Anemarrhena Rhizome · Trichosanthes Seed · Tangerine Peel · Poria / Hoelen · Licorice RootBile Arisaema · Trichosanthes Seed · Scutellaria / Baikal Skullcap · Immature Bitter Orange · Tangerine Peel · Poria / Hoelen · Bitter Apricot Kernel · Pinellia RhizomeMulberry Root Bark · Wolfberry Root Bark · Licorice Root · Non-glutinous RiceLily Bulb · Raw Rehmannia Root · Prepared Rehmannia Root · Ophiopogon Tuber · Scrophularia Root · Fritillaria Bulb · Platycodon Root · Chinese Angelica Root · White Peony Root · Licorice Root
Classical Source Classical TCM formularyMing-Qing classical formularyLi Dongyuan school / classicalShen Zhai Yi Shu (Ming dynasty) / traditional

How to tell them apart

Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang, Qing Qi Hua Tan Tang, Xie Bai San and Bai He Gu Jin Tang address Lung heat or dry cough. Qing Qi Hua Tan Tang clears phlegm-heat; Xie Bai San clears constrained Lung heat; Bai He Gu Jin Tang nourishes Lung-Kidney Yin. Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang clears Lung heat and transforms phlegm for yellow sputum with sore throat.

For educational reference only, based on traditional pattern differentiation — not a substitute for professional advice.

Clinical Modifications for Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang

1. Severe Lung Heat

If the patient is experiencing very intense lung heat, practitioners can adjust the formula by:

  • Increasing the dosage of Huang Qin (Baical Skullcap Root) and Zhi Zi (Cape Jasmine Fruit) to boost the heat-clearing and fire-purging power.
  • Adding Shi Gao (Gypsum). This mineral is highly effective for clearing heat and purging fire, quickly easing restlessness and thirst, and cooling down both the lung and stomach.

2. Excessive Phlegm

When mucus is incredibly thick and difficult to cough up, the formula can be customized to break it down:

  • Adding Fu Hai Shi (Pumice) and Hai Ge Ke (Clam Shell) helps to soften and dissolve stubborn phlegm.
  • Adding Ting Li Zi (Descurainia Seed) can help drain the lungs, calm asthma, and promote urination, effectively flushing the fluid build-up and making phlegm much easier to expel.

3. Lung Yin Deficiency

Sometimes, heat can damage the lungs' natural moisture, leading to a dry cough, night sweats, or a low-grade afternoon fever. In these cases:

  • Herbs like Sha Shen (Glehnia Root) and Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon Root) are added. These are fantastic for nourishing lung yin (fluids) and moistening the respiratory tract to restore normal lung function.
Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang

4. Dry Hard Stool

Excessive heat often dries out the intestines, leading to constipation. To address this:

  • Adding 30 grams of Dong Gua Zi (Winter Melon Seed) and a specific amount of Da Huang (Rhubarb) can be very helpful. Da Huang is a strong herb that purges the bowels and clears heat, unblocking the intestines and helping the body literally flush out the phlegm-heat toxins.

What the Science Suggests

1. Pharmacological Research

Modern scientific studies have shown that the ingredients in Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang (Clearing the Metal and Resolving Phlegm Decoction) possess significant pharmacological benefits:

  • Antibacterial and Antiviral: Huang Qin shows strong ability to inhibit various respiratory pathogens and reduce lung inflammation.
  • Fever Reduction: Zhi Zi offers anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects, helping to naturally bring down a fever.
  • Immune Support: Zhi Mu helps nourish fluids while regulating the immune system, boosting the body's overall resistance.
  • Respiratory Relief: Herbs like Sang Bai Pi and Jie Geng actively calm coughs, widen the airways, and make it easier to clear mucus.

2. Clinical Effect Verification

A vast amount of modern clinical observation backs up the traditional use of Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang for lung-heat conditions:

  • Symptom Improvement: Studies consistently show it significantly relieves coughing, fever, and thick phlegm.
  • Faster Recovery: Patients often experience a shorter illness duration and higher overall recovery rates. Compared to some standard Western treatments, this herbal formula shows distinct advantages in gently relieving symptoms and lowering the chances of the cough returning.
Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang

3. Discussion on Mechanism

Researchers are diving deeper into how this formula works on a cellular level. Current findings suggest it operates through a multi-target approach:

  • Boosting Macrophages: It may enhance the body's macrophage cells, which act like tiny "pac-men" to swallow up invading bacteria and viruses.
  • Calming Inflammation: It helps regulate the release of inflammatory chemicals in the respiratory tract, putting out the "fire" of inflammation.
  • Tissue Repair: By reducing the inflammatory stress on the lungs, it actively promotes the healing and functional recovery of the airways. As research continues, the exact cellular mechanisms of Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang are becoming clearer, proving its value in modern respiratory care.

Safety Considerations

1. Dietary and Constitutional Precautions

While taking Qingjin Huatan Decoction, avoid spicy, greasy, fried, and highly sweet foods, which may worsen lung heat or phlegm-dampness. People with a deficiency-cold constitution should use it cautiously, as its bitter-cold ingredients may cause abdominal pain or diarrhea.

2. Monitoring and Special Populations

Monitor symptoms closely. If coughing or phlegm persists or worsens, seek medical attention promptly and reassess the treatment. Pregnant or breastfeeding women and children should use this formula only under medical supervision, with dosage adjusted to their individual needs.

Questions About Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang

Q1: What are the actions of Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang?
Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang has the actions of clearing Lung Heat and transforming Phlegm. “Qing Jin” means clearing Metal: it treats Fire that has cooked Lung fluids into thick yellow Phlegm that is hard to expectorate.
Q2: Which modern diseases is Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang suited to?
Modern TCM clinical practice commonly applies it to individuals whose pattern differentiation falls within Phlegm-Heat in the Lung, including acute or chronic bronchitis of Phlegm-Heat type, post-infectious cough with thick yellow sputum, and some COPD exacerbations of this pattern after medical evaluation.
Q3: Is Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang suitable for improving cough with thick yellow phlegm and a sore dry throat?
For presentations of cough with yellow, thick, hard-to-expectorate sputum, dry or painful throat, red face or hot breath from the nose, possible blood-streaked sputum, a red tongue with yellow greasy coating, and a slippery rapid pulse — in those whose pattern differentiation confirms Lung Fire with Phlegm — TCM commonly applies Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang as an adjunct. It cannot replace evaluation of pneumonia or other respiratory disease.
Q4: Who should not take Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang?
Those with Wind-Cold cough and thin white phlegm, Spleen-Stomach deficiency Cold, or a purely dry Yin-deficiency cough without Phlegm-Heat are generally not suitable. The formula is bitter and cold. Use should be assessed by a qualified TCM physician.
Q5: How does this formula both clear Fire and transform the sticky phlegm?
Huang Qin, Zhi Zi, and Zhi Mu clear Lung Fire that is cooking the fluids. Gua Lou Ren and Bei Mu transform and moisten Phlegm-Heat so it can move. Sang Bai Pi descends Lung Qi; Jie Geng opens and vents the Lung. Mai Dong moistens the already-injured fluids. Chen Pi and Fu Ling regulate Qi and leach Dampness so new Phlegm is less easily formed. Clearing Fire without transforming Phlegm leaves the chest blocked; transforming Phlegm without clearing Fire leaves the Heat that made the Phlegm.
Q6: How does Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang differ from Qing Qi Hua Tan Tang or Qing Fei Tang?
Qing Qi Hua Tan Tang more strongly descends Qi and attacks excess Phlegm-Heat with Ban Xia, Dan Nan Xing, and Zhi Shi. Qing Fei Tang also clears the Lung and transforms Phlegm but is a different classical composition. Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang more clearly clears Lung Fire and moistens with Zhi Mu and Mai Dong, so it is often chosen when the throat is dry and sore and the yellow phlegm is thick rather than copious and bubbling.
Q7: What are the main ingredients of Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang?
The Tong Zhi Fang composition typically includes Huang Qin and Zhi Zi to clear Lung Heat; Zhi Mu and Mai Dong to clear Heat and moisten Yin; Sang Bai Pi, Jie Geng, Bei Mu, and Gua Lou Ren to descend Lung Qi and transform Phlegm; Chen Pi (or Ju Hong) and Fu Ling to regulate Qi and leach Dampness; and Gan Cao to harmonize and ease the throat.
Q8: Is Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang suitable for long-term use?
No. It is a short-course formula for active Phlegm-Heat cough. Bitter-cold herbs injure the Spleen if continued after the Heat and sticky sputum recede. Chronic weak cough then needs a different, often Spleen-supporting, strategy.
Q9: Can this formula help both the thick yellow sputum and the dry painful throat?
Yes. Lung Fire both condenses fluids into thick yellow Phlegm and scorches the throat. Clearing Metal, transforming Phlegm, and moistening with Zhi Mu and Mai Dong address both complaints when they arise together. Isolated dry cough without Phlegm-Heat is a different formula.
Q10: What lifestyle advice supports the use of Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang?
Avoiding smoking, alcohol, and spicy greasy foods that generate Phlegm-Heat, keeping the throat moist, and seeking prompt care for high fever, rusty or bloody sputum, or increasing breathlessness all support correct use. This formula treats a TCM Phlegm-Heat pattern; it is not a substitute for medical treatment of pneumonia.

General Questions

How do I choose the right formula?
TCM formulas are traditionally selected according to individual pattern differentiation rather than by symptom alone. If you're not sure which formula fits your presentation, take our AI Assessment below for a personalized starting point, then confirm with a qualified TCM practitioner.
What are concentrated herbal granules?
Concentrated herbal granules are made by decocting raw herbs, then extracting and concentrating the resulting liquid into a fine granule or powder form. This preserves the same active compounds as a traditional decoction while making the herbs far easier to store, measure, and prepare.
How should I take these products?
Dissolve the recommended amount of granules in hot water, stir until fully dissolved, and drink while warm — following the dosage and frequency advised by your TCM practitioner or as stated on the product packaging.
Are concentrated herbal granules equivalent to traditional decoctions?
Concentrated granules are produced from the same herbs and processed to retain their active compounds, so they are traditionally regarded as a convenient alternative to decoctions rather than a different remedy. Some practitioners note subtle differences in strength or absorption between the two forms, so your TCM practitioner may adjust dosage accordingly.
Are your products authentic?
Yes. HJMEDICAL sources its concentrated granules exclusively from established, reputable manufacturers such as Nong's and Hoi Tin, both long-standing names in the TCM granules industry, with GMP compliance stated directly on their packaging.
Are HJMEDICAL products manufactured under GMP standards?
HJMEDICAL sources its concentrated granules from established, reputable manufacturers such as Nong's and Hoi Tin, both long-standing names in the TCM granules industry. GMP compliance for these products is stated directly on their packaging.
Do you ship internationally?
Yes — we ship worldwide! Every order goes out via Hong Kong Post, and your exact shipping cost and estimated delivery time for your address are calculated and shown right at checkout, so there are never any surprises. We also offer free shipping once your order reaches our free-shipping threshold, so it's easy to stock up on your favorite formulas and save.
Can I take more than one formula at the same time?
Some formulas are traditionally combined, while others overlap or counteract each other. We recommend checking with a qualified TCM practitioner before combining formulas, especially if you are already taking other medication.
Are these products suitable during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
Some TCM formulas are not suitable during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Please consult a qualified TCM practitioner or your doctor before use if you are pregnant, trying to conceive, or nursing.
Do these products replace medical treatment?
No. These products are traditional herbal supplements intended to support wellbeing according to TCM principles — they are not a replacement for professional medical diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a qualified TCM practitioner or licensed healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or combining any treatment, especially if you have a chronic condition.
Medical Disclaimer

For general TCM education only — not medical advice. Consult a qualified TCM practitioner or licensed healthcare provider before use, especially if pregnant, nursing, on medication, or managing a chronic condition.

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Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang: Classic TCM Formula for Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs, Cough & Yellow Sticky Sputum