Heat-Clearing Formulas

清咽利膈湯 · Qīng Yān Lì Gé Tāng

Qing Yan Li Ge Tang

A classical formula for heat toxin in the throat with severe sore throat, swelling and constipation.

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Last reviewed August 2026
Formula CategoryHeat-Clearing Formulas
Primary PatternLung Heat
Primary FunctionClear heat toxin, benefit the throat, drain downward
Primary Therapeutic PrincipleClear heat toxin from throat and upper jiao, drain interior heat
Main HerbsForsythia Fruit · Platycodon Root · Licorice Root · Scutellaria / Baikal Skullcap · Coptis Rhizome · Gardenia Fruit · Schizonepeta / Japanese Catnip · Saposhnikovia Root · Burdock Seed / Arctium Fruit · Scrophularia Root · Mentha / Peppermint · Rhubarb Root and Rhizome
Classical SourceClassical TCM formulary

Why This Formula?

Traditionally selected for severe heat-toxin sore throat with constipation, rather than diaphragm heat, epidemic head-face toxin, or early Wind-Heat.

Traditionally selected for severe heat-toxin sore throat with constipation, rather than diaphragm heat, epidemic head-face toxin, or early Wind-Heat.

What Is Qing Yan Li Ge Tang?

1. Qing Yan Li Ge Tang Origin Background

Qing Yan Li Ge Tang (清咽利膈汤), or Clear the Throat and Benefit the Diaphragm Decoction, is a classical formula recorded in Hou Ke Zi Zhen Ji (Purple Treasure Collection of Throat Diseases) and related Ming-Qing laryngology texts. It belongs to the category of formulas that disperse Wind-Heat, drain interior Fire, and benefit the throat.

This formula addresses Wind-Heat attacking the throat together with blazing Heat in the Lungs and Stomach that binds the diaphragm and Intestines. Typical signs include a red, swollen, painful throat or tonsils, fever with mild chills, thirst with a desire for cold drinks, irritability, chest and diaphragm oppression, constipation, a red tongue with yellow coating, and a floating rapid pulse.

Combining Jing Jie, Fang Feng, Bo He, and Niu Bang Zi to disperse Wind-Heat and open the throat, Jin Yin Hua, Lian Qiao, Huang Qin, Huang Lian, and Zhi Zi to clear Heat-toxin from the Upper and Middle Burners, Xuan Shen and Jie Geng to nourish Yin, dissipate swelling, and benefit the throat, and Da Huang with Mang Xiao to drain interior Heat through the bowels and free the diaphragm, Qing Yan Li Ge Tang simultaneously releases the exterior and purges the interior so that throat swelling and chest-diaphragm Heat can resolve together.

Qing Yan Li Ge Tang

2. Acute Pharyngitis

  • Symptoms: This condition usually hits fast. It starts with a dry, burning throat that quickly turns into sharp pain, especially when swallowing. You might also experience mild fever, chills, and a headache. Inside, the throat looks red and inflamed.
  • Why it works: Acute pharyngitis is typically caused by an external wind-heat attack or excess heat flaring up from the lungs and stomach. Qing Yan Li Ge Tang effectively clears this trapped heat, reduces the inflammation, and pushes the external wind-heat out of the body, relieving both the throat pain and the body aches.

3. Acute Tonsillitis

  • Symptoms: This involves severe throat pain, significant difficulty swallowing, and is often accompanied by a high fever, chills, and a severe headache. The tonsils will be noticeably red and swollen, sometimes with white or yellow pus spots on them.
  • Why it works: Tonsillitis is a classic sign of intense heat-toxins accumulating in the throat. The formula rapidly cools the area and detoxifies the body. By clearing out these deep toxins, it shrinks the swollen tonsils, stops the pain, and promotes the healing of the infection.
Qing Yan Li Ge Tang

4. Sore Throat with Fever

  • Symptoms: A very painful sore throat paired with a noticeable fever (often reaching 38°C/100.4°F or higher). This is usually accompanied by a headache, body aches, and intense thirst.
  • Why it works: This is a textbook presentation of external wind-heat pathogens getting trapped in the throat. Qing Yan Li Ge Tang acts as a dual-action remedy: it lowers the body temperature by sweating out the wind-heat, while simultaneously delivering cooling, detoxifying herbs straight to the throat to stop the pain and swelling.

Herb Composition (Sovereign / Minister / Assistant / Envoy)

1. King Herbs

  • Lian Qiao (Forsythia Fruit): This herb is excellent at clearing heat and detoxifying, as well as reducing swelling and dissipating nodules. As a lead herb in Qing Yan Li Ge Tang, it effectively clears heat-toxins in the upper body (upper jiao) and provides great relief for symptoms like a swollen, sore throat and fever. It has a bitter and slightly cold nature, primarily targeting the lung, heart, and small intestine meridians. It is highly valued for its ability to disperse wind-heat.
  • Huang Qin (Baical Skullcap Root): Known for clearing heat, drying dampness, purging fire, and detoxifying, this is the other crucial King herb in the formula. It specifically drains fire from the lungs and strongly targets the throat. Its intense bitter-cold nature allows it to quickly reduce "fire" and break up heat-toxins, effectively relieving throat swelling and pain.

2. Minister Herbs

  • Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit): This herb helps purge fire, relieve irritability, clear heat, and cool the blood. It perfectly assists the King herbs by boosting their heat-clearing power, especially when there is excessive fire throughout the body's triple burner system. It helps push the heat-toxin out, easing redness, swelling, and burning sensations in the throat.
  • Bo He (Peppermint): Famous for dispersing wind-heat, clearing the head and eyes, and soothing the throat. It draws the medicinal effects upward to the head and pushes pathogens outward to the surface of the body. In this formula, it helps release heat-toxins from the outside while directly soothing throat discomfort.

3. Assistant Herbs

  • Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root): This herb expels wind, relieves surface symptoms, eliminates dampness, and eases pain. It stops wind pathogens from lingering in the throat, preventing the condition from worsening. Additionally, it helps harmonize all the other herbs in the formula, ensuring they work together smoothly without conflicting.
  • Jing Jie (Schizonepeta): Known for relieving the exterior and dispersing wind. It enhances the formula's ability to push out wind-heat pathogens. When paired with Bo He, it creates a strong defense, pushing heat-toxins out through the skin and quickly relieving sore throat symptoms.
Qing Yan Li Ge Tang

4. Guide Herbs

  • Jie Geng (Balloon Flower Root): This herb promotes lung function, soothes the throat, resolves phlegm, and discharges pus. It acts as a messenger, carrying the medicinal effects upward directly to the throat. It also helps regulate lung energy (qi), improving airflow and comfort in the throat.
  • Gan Cao (Licorice Root): A classic harmonizing herb, it invigorates the spleen, replenishes qi, moistens the lungs, relieves coughs, and clears heat. In this formula, it not only balances the properties of all the other herbs but also directly soothes a sore throat, making it an indispensable guide herb.

Clinical Presentation in TCM

1. Pathogenesis

The primary target of Qing Yan Li Ge Tang is an intense buildup of heat-toxins in the upper jiao (upper body). This can happen when external wind-heat invades the lungs, or when overeating spicy, greasy, or sweet foods creates internal damp-heat. This heat-toxin gets trapped in the throat, blocking normal energy (qi) and blood flow. The result is a sore, swollen, red, and hot throat. The heat can also disturb the mind, leading to fever and restlessness.

2. Effects

  • Clearing heat and detoxifying: Herbs like Lian Qiao, Huang Qin, and Zhi Zi quickly flush out heat-toxins, reducing redness, swelling, and burning pain in the throat.
  • Dispersing wind-heat: Bo He, Jing Jie, and Fang Feng push external pathogens out through the body's surface, relieving fevers, chills, and helping the throat clear out the trapped heat.
  • Soothing the throat and reducing swelling: Jie Geng and Gan Cao work together beautifully to moisten the lungs, detoxify the area, and restore normal, pain-free throat function.
Qing Yan Li Ge Tang

3. Indications

  • Sore throat: Whether triggered by acute pharyngitis, tonsillitis, or general heat-toxin buildup, this formula is highly effective at quickly easing throat pain and reducing swelling.
  • Mouth and tongue ulcers: For canker sores caused by heat-toxins flaring upward, the formula clears the heat and disperses the wind, promoting much faster healing.
  • Swollen and painful gums: Often caused by stomach fire or trapped heat, gum swelling and pain can be significantly reduced as the formula clears the upper body's heat-toxins.

The Mechanism in Classical Theory

1. Synergistic Effect of Heat-Clearing and Toxicity-Resolving Herbs

The heat-clearing herbs in this formula work as a powerful team to comprehensively eliminate heat-toxins in the upper body (upper jiao).

  • Lian Qiao (Forsythia Fruit) excels at dispersing wind-heat and pushing pathogens outward.
  • Huang Qin (Baical Skullcap Root) focuses on draining internal "fire" from the lungs.
  • Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit) helps purge this fire and relieves the restlessness that comes with it.

Working together, they attack the heat-toxin from multiple angles, leaving it nowhere to hide and effectively clearing the infection.

2. Combination of Wind-Expelling and Heat-Dispersing Herbs

To prevent the heat from diving deeper into the body, the formula uses a trio of wind-dispersing herbs:

  • Bo He (Peppermint) clears the head, brightens the eyes, and directly soothes the throat.
  • Jing Jie (Schizonepeta) relieves surface symptoms and helps push the wind out.
  • Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root) dispels wind, dries dampness, and eases pain.

This combination rapidly pushes the wind-heat out through the surface of the skin. This not only stops the heat-toxin from invading further but also provides quick relief for throat discomfort caused by the initial wind-heat attack.

3. Mechanism of Throat-Soothing Herbs

Two crucial herbs are responsible for directly treating the throat itself:

  • Jie Geng (Balloon Flower Root) acts as a messenger. It carries the medicinal effects of the other herbs upward, delivering the relief exactly where it is needed—the throat.
  • Gan Cao (Licorice Root) directly reduces redness, swelling, and pain by moistening the lungs, relieving coughs, and detoxifying. It also acts as a natural buffer, harmonizing all the herbs so the formula is gentle on the stomach and easy to take.
Qing Yan Li Ge Tang

4. Synergistic Effects of Overall Compatibility

The genius of Qing Yan Li Ge Tang lies in its classic "King, Minister, Assistant, Guide" structure.

  • The King herbs attack the main problem (heat-toxins).
  • The Minister herbs support the King by boosting the cooling power.
  • The Assistant herbs push the wind pathogens out and balance the formula.
  • The Guide herbs direct the medicine specifically to the throat.

This well-rounded teamwork allows the formula to treat both the root cause (trapped heat and wind) and the symptoms (throat pain and swelling) at the same time.

Clinical Comparison Table

Compare Qing Yan Li Ge TangLiang Ge SanPu Ji Xiao Du YinYin Qiao San
Primary Function Clear heat toxin, benefit the throat, drain downwardClear upper heat, drain downward, cool the diaphragmClear heat, resolve toxin, disperse wind-heat from the head and faceDisperse Wind-Heat, clear heat and relieve toxicity
Formula Category Heat-Clearing FormulasHeat-Clearing FormulasHeat-Clearing FormulasExterior-Releasing Formulas
Typical TCM Pattern Lung HeatStomach HeatWind-HeatWind-Heat
Main Conditions Sore Throat, Fever, ConstipationConstipation, Sore Throat, Dry Mouth & Throat, Fever, Anxiety RestlessnessSore Throat, Fever, HeadacheSore Throat, Fever, Cough, Dry Cough, Nasal Congestion, Headache
Main Herbs Forsythia Fruit · Platycodon Root · Licorice Root · Scutellaria / Baikal Skullcap · Coptis Rhizome · Gardenia Fruit · Schizonepeta / Japanese Catnip · Saposhnikovia Root · Burdock Seed / Arctium Fruit · Scrophularia Root · Mentha / Peppermint · Rhubarb Root and RhizomeForsythia Fruit · Scutellaria / Baikal Skullcap · Gardenia Fruit · Rhubarb Root and Rhizome · Mirabilite / Glauber's Salt · Mentha / Peppermint · Licorice RootScutellaria / Baikal Skullcap · Coptis Rhizome · Burdock Seed / Arctium Fruit · Forsythia Fruit · Mentha / Peppermint · Silkworm · Scrophularia Root · Puffball · Isatis Root · Platycodon Root · Licorice Root · Tangerine Peel · Bupleurum Root · Cimicifuga RhizomeHoneysuckle Flower · Forsythia Fruit · Platycodon Root · Burdock Seed / Arctium Fruit · Mentha / Peppermint · Prepared Soybean · Schizonepeta / Japanese Catnip · Lophatherum / Bamboo Leaf · Reed Rhizome · Licorice Root
Classical Source Classical TCM formularyTai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang (Song dynasty)Dong Yuan Shi Xiao Fang (Li Dongyuan tradition)Wen Bing Tiao Bian (Wu Jutong, 1798)

How to tell them apart

Qing Yan Li Ge Tang, Liang Ge San, Pu Ji Xiao Du Yin and Yin Qiao San clear heat toxin in the upper jiao. Liang Ge San clears and drains diaphragm heat; Pu Ji Xiao Du Yin treats epidemic head-face toxin; Yin Qiao San releases early Wind-Heat. Qing Yan Li Ge Tang clears heat toxin and benefits the throat with downward draining for severe sore throat with constipation.

For educational reference only, based on traditional pattern differentiation — not a substitute for professional advice.

Clinical Modifications for Qing Yan Li Ge Tang

In clinical practice, a practitioner might adjust the classic Qing Yan Li Ge Tang formula to better match a patient's specific symptoms. Here are some common modifications:

1. Severe Sore Throat

  • Add Xuan Shen (Scrophularia Root) and Ban Lan Gen (Isatis Root): Xuan Shen is great at clearing heat, cooling the blood, and detoxifying. Ban Lan Gen specifically targets the throat to clear heat and soothe pain. Adding these two powerfully boosts the formula's ability to reduce swelling and provide relief for a severely painful throat.
  • Increase Jie Geng (Balloon Flower Root) and Gan Cao (Licorice Root): Because both of these herbs directly soothe the throat, increasing their dosage can significantly enhance the pain-relieving effects, offering much-needed comfort for severe symptoms.

2. High Fever

  • Add Shi Gao (Gypsum) and Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome): Shi Gao is a heavyweight when it comes to clearing intense heat and purging fire, while Zhi Mu clears heat and adds moisture. Together, they effectively bring down a high body temperature and relieve the severe thirst and restlessness that accompany a high fever.
  • Add Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root): Chai Hu is excellent at harmonizing the body and pushing out pathogens that are stuck halfway in the system. For fevers that come with chills and a headache, this herb helps to efficiently sweat out the external sickness and reduce the fever.
Qing Yan Li Ge Tang

3. Dry Constipated Stool

  • Add Da Huang (Rhubarb) and Mang Xiao (Mirabilite): Da Huang is famous for clearing heat by purging the bowels, while Mang Xiao softens hard stools and reduces swelling.
  • The Mechanism: Adding these herbs helps flush the heat-toxin out of the body through bowel movements. This perfectly illustrates the traditional Chinese medicine concept of "removing firewood from under the pot" (which is what "Li Ge" or "Promoting Diaphragm Function" implies)—meaning, to fix a heat problem in the upper body (the throat), you first unblock the lower body (the digestive tract).

What the Science Suggests

1. Pharmacological Research

Modern science has helped explain exactly how this traditional formula works on a biological level:

  • Fighting Infection: Research shows that key herbs like Lian Qiao (Forsythia Fruit), Huang Qin (Baical Skullcap Root), and Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit) have strong antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties. For instance, the phillyrin in Lian Qiao inhibits the growth of various viruses, while the baicalin in Huang Qin reduces allergic and inflammatory reactions. This provides a clear scientific basis for why the formula rapidly reduces throat swelling.
  • Boosting Immunity: Herbs like Gan Cao (Licorice Root) have been shown to act as immunomodulators. They help regulate the body's immune system, increasing your natural resistance and helping your body clear out the sickness faster.
Qing Yan Li Ge Tang

2. Clinical Research

Modern clinical trials continue to validate the effectiveness of Qing Yan Li Ge Tang for treating throat conditions:

  • Proven Results: Numerous clinical observations confirm that the formula significantly relieves sore throats and fevers, shortens the overall duration of the illness, and improves recovery rates.
  • Effective Alternative: For conditions like acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis, clinical data suggests it can be highly effective, sometimes providing better, more comprehensive symptom relief than standard conventional treatments alone.
  • Modern Formats: To make taking the medicine easier, pharmaceutical companies have updated the formula into modern dosage forms like granules and oral liquids. These are not only more convenient to take and carry but also offer better stability and consistent medicinal strength.

Safety Considerations

1. Dietary and Special-Population Precautions

Avoid spicy, greasy, irritating foods such as chili peppers, fried foods, scallions, ginger, garlic, and alcohol, as they may worsen throat inflammation and reduce treatment effectiveness. Pregnant women and people with spleen-stomach yang deficiency should use Qingyan Lige Decoction only cautiously under medical supervision, since its cold-natured ingredients may affect the fetus or worsen abdominal pain and diarrhea.

2. Condition Monitoring

Monitor symptom changes during treatment. Seek medical attention if the sore throat persists or worsens, the fever does not subside, or adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea occur. Inform the doctor promptly so the treatment can be adjusted.

Questions About Qing Yan Li Ge Tang

Q1: What are the actions of Qing Yan Li Ge Tang?
Qing Yan Li Ge Tang has the actions of dispersing Wind-Heat, resolving toxin, benefiting the throat, and unblocking the diaphragm. It treats a red, swollen, painful throat when Heat is also bound in the interior and the stool has not moved.
Q2: Which modern diseases is Qing Yan Li Ge Tang suited to?
Modern TCM clinical practice commonly applies it to robust individuals whose pattern differentiation falls within throat Heat-toxin with interior Heat, including acute tonsillitis or pharyngitis with constipation, some early peritonsillar swelling of yang excess type, and sore throat with restlessness and a desire for cold drinks.
Q3: Is Qing Yan Li Ge Tang suitable for a swollen sore throat with constipation?
For presentations of a red, swollen, painful throat, difficulty swallowing, fever or mild chills, chest-diaphragm oppression, restlessness, thirst for cold drinks, constipation, a yellow coating, and a rapid forceful pulse — in those whose pattern differentiation confirms Heat-toxin in the throat with bound interior Heat — TCM commonly applies this formula as an adjunct. Airway obstruction or inability to swallow saliva is an emergency.
Q4: Who should not take Qing Yan Li Ge Tang?
Those who are deficient, pregnant, have loose stools, or present with a Wind-Cold sore throat without interior Heat are generally not suitable. Versions that contain Da Huang and Mang Xiao both vent and purge. Use should be assessed by a qualified TCM physician.
Q5: Why treat the throat and also drain the diaphragm?
Heat-toxin that inflames the throat often also locks in the chest and Yangming, so the person is restless, thirsty for cold drinks, and constipated. Jing Jie, Fang Feng, Bo He, and Niu Bang Zi disperse Wind-Heat from the throat. Jin Yin Hua, Lian Qiao, Huang Qin, Huang Lian, and Zhi Zi clear toxin. Jie Geng and Xuan Shen benefit the throat. Da Huang and Mang Xiao unblock the diaphragm and drain Heat downward. Clearing the throat alone leaves the interior Fire; purging alone leaves the swollen throat untreated.
Q6: How does Qing Yan Li Ge Tang differ from Liang Ge San or Yin Qiao San?
Yin Qiao San releases early Wind-Heat in the upper body without purging the stool. Liang Ge San more strongly drains diaphragm Fire and is less specialized as a throat formula. Qing Yan Li Ge Tang is chosen when the leading complaint is a swollen painful throat and the interior is already bound — the so-called “clear the throat and benefit the diaphragm” picture. Milder Zheng Zhi Zhun Sheng versions omit the strong purge.
Q7: What are the main ingredients of Qing Yan Li Ge Tang?
The widely used Hou Ke Zi Zhen Ji type composition includes Jing Jie, Fang Feng, Bo He, and Niu Bang Zi to disperse Wind-Heat; Jin Yin Hua, Lian Qiao, Huang Qin, Huang Lian, and Zhi Zi to clear Heat-toxin; Jie Geng and Xuan Shen to benefit the throat; Da Huang and Mang Xiao (Po Xiao) to unblock the diaphragm; and Gan Cao to harmonize. Some pediatric versions omit the purgatives.
Q8: Is Qing Yan Li Ge Tang suitable for long-term use?
No. It is a short-course attacking formula. Once the throat swelling recedes and the stool has moved, the purgative version must be stopped. Continuing to drain after the Heat is gone injures the Middle.
Q9: Can this formula help both the swollen throat and the bound, restless chest?
Yes. That pairing is why the formula is named “clear the throat and benefit the diaphragm.” The same Heat-toxin inflames the throat and locks the chest-diaphragm and stool. Venting the throat and draining downward together address both when the person is excess and the stool is bound.
Q10: What lifestyle advice supports the use of Qing Yan Li Ge Tang?
Resting the voice, taking cool (not ice-cold) fluids, avoiding spicy and fried foods, and seeking emergency care for drooling, muffled voice, or difficulty breathing all support correct use. This formula treats a TCM Heat-toxin throat pattern; it is not a substitute for managing peritonsillar abscess or airway emergency.

General Questions

How do I choose the right formula?
TCM formulas are traditionally selected according to individual pattern differentiation rather than by symptom alone. If you're not sure which formula fits your presentation, take our AI Assessment below for a personalized starting point, then confirm with a qualified TCM practitioner.
What are concentrated herbal granules?
Concentrated herbal granules are made by decocting raw herbs, then extracting and concentrating the resulting liquid into a fine granule or powder form. This preserves the same active compounds as a traditional decoction while making the herbs far easier to store, measure, and prepare.
How should I take these products?
Dissolve the recommended amount of granules in hot water, stir until fully dissolved, and drink while warm — following the dosage and frequency advised by your TCM practitioner or as stated on the product packaging.
Are concentrated herbal granules equivalent to traditional decoctions?
Concentrated granules are produced from the same herbs and processed to retain their active compounds, so they are traditionally regarded as a convenient alternative to decoctions rather than a different remedy. Some practitioners note subtle differences in strength or absorption between the two forms, so your TCM practitioner may adjust dosage accordingly.
Are your products authentic?
Yes. HJMEDICAL sources its concentrated granules exclusively from established, reputable manufacturers such as Nong's and Hoi Tin, both long-standing names in the TCM granules industry, with GMP compliance stated directly on their packaging.
Are HJMEDICAL products manufactured under GMP standards?
HJMEDICAL sources its concentrated granules from established, reputable manufacturers such as Nong's and Hoi Tin, both long-standing names in the TCM granules industry. GMP compliance for these products is stated directly on their packaging.
Do you ship internationally?
Yes — we ship worldwide! Every order goes out via Hong Kong Post, and your exact shipping cost and estimated delivery time for your address are calculated and shown right at checkout, so there are never any surprises. We also offer free shipping once your order reaches our free-shipping threshold, so it's easy to stock up on your favorite formulas and save.
Can I take more than one formula at the same time?
Some formulas are traditionally combined, while others overlap or counteract each other. We recommend checking with a qualified TCM practitioner before combining formulas, especially if you are already taking other medication.
Are these products suitable during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
Some TCM formulas are not suitable during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Please consult a qualified TCM practitioner or your doctor before use if you are pregnant, trying to conceive, or nursing.
Do these products replace medical treatment?
No. These products are traditional herbal supplements intended to support wellbeing according to TCM principles — they are not a replacement for professional medical diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a qualified TCM practitioner or licensed healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or combining any treatment, especially if you have a chronic condition.
Medical Disclaimer

For general TCM education only — not medical advice. Consult a qualified TCM practitioner or licensed healthcare provider before use, especially if pregnant, nursing, on medication, or managing a chronic condition.

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Qing Yan Li Ge Tang: Classic TCM Formula for Sore Throat, Heat in the Throat & Diaphragm