Stems and woodsBlood-activatingGleditsiae Spina

Zao Jiao Ci (Gleditsia Thorn)

皂角刺 · Zao Jiao Ci

Blood-activating herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Traditional functions: Disperses swelling, outthrusts toxin, expels pus, kills worms.

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Quick Facts

Latin NameGleditsiae Spina
Chinese Name & Pinyin皂角刺 · Zao Jiao Ci
Medicinal PartStems and woods
Efficacy CategoryBlood-activating
Botanical OriginThe dried thorns of Gleditsia sinensis Lam.(Fabaceae)
Nature & FlavourAcrid; Warm
Channels EnteredLiver, Stomach

What Is Zao Jiao Ci?

Zao Jiao Ci (Gleditsia Thorn) is a medicinal herb of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Primarily produced in the Chinese provinces of Jiangsu, Hubei, Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong.

Nature & Flavour: Acrid; Warm
Channels Entered: Liver, Stomach

Zao Jiao Ci: Materia Medica Profile

Identification & Quality Standard

Gleditsiae Spina

Botanical Origin

The dried thorns of Gleditsia sinensis Lam.(Fabaceae)

Production Regions

Primarily produced in the Chinese provinces of Jiangsu, Hubei, Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong.

Quality Requirements

Superior medicinal material is thin, clean, without core stem, brownish-purple, brownish-red in the center of slice, and soft pith.

Macroscopic Features

Whole thorn consists of a main thorn and 1~2 accessory thorns. Main thorn is 3~15cm or more, diameter is 0.3~1cm; accessory thorn is 1~6cm long, tip is sharp. Externally purplish-brown or brown. Light in weight, hard texture, hard to break. Slice is 0.1~0.3cm thick, often with sharp and thin tip; xylem is yellowish-white, pith is loose, pale reddish-brown; brittle texture, easily broken. faint odor, tasteless.

Traditional TCM Properties

Acrid; WarmLiverStomach

Traditional Functions

Disperses swelling, outthrusts toxin, expels pus, kills worms. Apply to early stage of painful carbuncle or non-burst pus, externally use to scabies and tinea, leprosy.

How Zao Jiao Ci Is Used in TCM

In the Chinese materia medica, Zao Jiao Ci is classified among the Blood-activating herbs. It appears in 2 classical formulas in our library.

Formulas containing Zao Jiao Ci are traditionally used for:

FeverSore ThroatFatigue & Low EnergyQi Deficiency Constitution

Classical Formulas Containing Zao Jiao Ci

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Zao Jiao Ci? Are Zao Jia and the fruit the same?
Official Zao Jiao Ci (皂角刺) is the dried spine of Gleditsia sinensis. The pharmacopoeial name is Gleditsiae Spina. It is also called soap-pod spine. Zao Jia is the fruit: acrid-warm and toxic, dispels phlegm, opens the orifices, disperses nodules and reduces swelling, and is more irritating. Write Zao Jiao Ci. Unsuitable when a sore has already ruptured, and in pregnancy.
What are the TCM properties and traditional uses of Zao Jiao Ci?
According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Zao Jiao Ci is acrid and warm, enters the Liver and Stomach channels, and acts to reduce swelling, expel toxin, drain pus and kill parasites. It is used for abscess and welling-abscess at the start, or when pus has formed but does not rupture; externally for scabies and leprosy. Acrid, warm and sharp, it suits sores not yet ruptured or pus that will not discharge—not a ruptured deficient sore, and not pregnancy.
How do you choose internal use versus external use? Can Zao Jia replace it?
An abscess at the start, or pus that will not rupture, may take a short internal course. Scabies may be painted with vinegar-steamed juice. The fruit opens the orifices more harshly and is more toxic; it cannot replace expelling toxin and draining pus by equal weight. Commercial soap-pod powder is not equal-weight pieces.
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Learn More About Zao Jiao Ci

Explore our in-depth article covering the traditional uses, properties, functions, and TCM context of Zao Jiao Ci.

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Medical Disclaimer — This article is provided for educational purposes only and describes traditional Chinese medicine concepts. It is not medical advice, and it is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using any herb, particularly if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication or managing a diagnosed condition.

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