Fruits and seedsQi-regulatingPericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride

Qing Pi (Green Tangerine Peel)

青皮 · Qing Pi

Qi-regulating herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Traditional functions: Courses liver, breaks qi, eliminates stagnation, resolves stasis.

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Quick Facts

Latin NamePericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride
Chinese Name & Pinyin青皮 · Qing Pi
Medicinal PartFruits and seeds
Efficacy CategoryQi-regulating
Botanical OriginThe dried tender fruit or immature cericarp of Citrus reticulata Blanco and its cultivars.(Rutaceae).
Nature & FlavourBitter, Acrid; Warm
Channels EnteredLiver, Gallbladder, Stomach

What Is Qing Pi?

Qing Pi (Green Tangerine Peel) is a medicinal herb of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Primarily produced in the Chinese provinces of Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Sichuan.

Nature & Flavour: Bitter, Acrid; Warm
Channels Entered: Liver, Gallbladder, Stomach

Qing Pi: Materia Medica Profile

Identification & Quality Standard

Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride

Botanical Origin

The dried tender fruit or immature cericarp of Citrus reticulata Blanco and its cultivars.(Rutaceae).

Production Regions

Primarily produced in the Chinese provinces of Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Sichuan.

Quality Requirements

Superior medicinal material of si hua qing pi has green outer skin, white inner surface, thick skin, potent aroma. Ge qing pi has even pieces, black-green outer skin, hard texture, heavy, thick flesh, little pulp, potent aroma.

Macroscopic Features

Si hua qing pi: 4 separated lobes, the lobes are a long oval shape, 4~6cm long, 0.1~0.2cm thick. Outer surface is grayish-green or black-green, dense with numerous oil ducts; inner surface is off-white or yellowish-white, rough, with yellowish-white or yellowish-brown small veins. Slightly hard texture, easily broken, fractured surface edge has 1~2 rows of oil ducts. Aromatic odor, bitter and acrid taste. Ge qing pi: sub-spherical, 0.5~2cm diameter. Externally grayish-green or black-green, slightly rough, with dense indented oil ducts, apex has raised style base, base has round fruit stem scar. Hard texture, fractured surface is yellowish-white or pale yellowish-brown, 0.1~0.2cm thick, edge has 1~2 rows of oil ducts. 8~10 flesh pieces, pale brown. Clear aromatic odor, sour, bitter, acrid taste.

Traditional TCM Properties

Bitter, Acrid; WarmLiverGallbladderStomach

Traditional Functions

Courses liver, breaks qi, eliminates stagnation, resolves stasis. Apply to chest and flank and abdominal fullness and pain, acute mastitis, colic, food stagnation and qi stasis.

How Qing Pi Is Used in TCM

In the Chinese materia medica, Qing Pi is classified among the Qi-regulating herbs. It appears in 3 classical formulas in our library.

Formulas containing Qing Pi are traditionally used for:

BloatingAbdominal PainConstipationIndigestionPoor AppetiteNauseaNeck Pain

Classical Formulas Containing Qing Pi

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Qing Pi? Are Chen Pi, Zhi Shi and Xiang Fu the same?
Official Qing Pi (青皮) is the dried young fruit or unripe peel of Citrus reticulata and its cultivars. The pharmacopoeial name is Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride. Whole Qing Pi is the fallen young fruit; four-petal Qing Pi is unripe peel split into four lobes. Chen Pi is the ripe peel: acrid-bitter-warm, regulates qi, fortifies the Spleen, dries damp and transforms phlegm—milder, middle burner. Zhi Shi is bitter-acrid-sour and slightly cold: breaks qi, disperses accumulation, transforms phlegm and dissipates focal distention. Xiang Fu is acrid, slightly bitter, slightly sweet and neutral: courses the Liver, resolves constraint, regulates qi, eases the Middle and regulates menses. Write Qing Pi or vinegar Qing Pi. Use caution in qi vacuity.
What are the TCM properties and traditional uses of Qing Pi?
According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Qing Pi is bitter, acrid and warm, enters the Liver, Gallbladder and Stomach channels, and acts to course the Liver and break qi, disperse accumulation and transform stagnation. It is used for chest-and-flank distending pain, shan qi (hernia-type pain), breast nodules, breast welling-abscess, and food-stagnation abdominal pain. Bitter-draining, acrid-dispersing and warm-unblocking, it breaks qi more fiercely than Chen Pi—Liver constraint with qi stagnation and food accumulation, not long use in qi-vacuity weakness.
How do you choose raw versus vinegar Qing Pi? Can Chen Pi replace it by equal weight?
Courting the Liver, breaking qi, dispersing accumulation and transforming stagnation use the raw peel or vinegar-fried peel. Practice more often uses vinegar Qing Pi: vinegar guides it into the Liver, eases fierce acridity and strengthens coursing the Liver to stop pain. Chen Pi regulates qi, fortifies the Spleen, dries damp and transforms phlegm; it cannot replace breaking qi and dispersing accumulation by equal weight. Bran-frying can reduce fierceness but is not a required pharmacopoeial grade.
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Explore our in-depth article covering the traditional uses, properties, functions, and TCM context of Qing Pi.

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Medical Disclaimer — This article is provided for educational purposes only and describes traditional Chinese medicine concepts. It is not medical advice, and it is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using any herb, particularly if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication or managing a diagnosed condition.

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