Fruits and seedsAstringentFructus Corni

Shan Zhu Yu (Cornus Fruit)

山茱萸 · Shan Zhu Yu

Astringent herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Traditional functions: Supplements liver and kidney, astringes essence, secures desertion.

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Quick Facts

Latin NameFructus Corni
Chinese Name & Pinyin山茱萸 · Shan Zhu Yu
Medicinal PartFruits and seeds
Efficacy CategoryAstringent
Botanical OriginThe dried mature fruit of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc.(Cornaceae).
Nature & FlavourSour, Astringent; Slightly warm
Channels EnteredLiver, Kidney

What Is Shan Zhu Yu?

Shan Zhu Yu (Cornus Fruit) is a medicinal herb of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Primarily produced in the Chinese provinces of Henan, Zhejiang, Shaanxi.

Nature & Flavour: Sour, Astringent; Slightly warm
Channels Entered: Liver, Kidney

Shan Zhu Yu: Materia Medica Profile

Identification & Quality Standard

Fructus Corni

Botanical Origin

The dried mature fruit of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc.(Cornaceae).

Production Regions

Primarily produced in the Chinese provinces of Henan, Zhejiang, Shaanxi.

Quality Requirements

Superior medicinal material has thick flesh, purplish-red color, strongly sour taste.

Macroscopic Features

Irregular flake-like or sac-like pieces. Externally purplish-red to purplish-black, wrinkled, lustrous. Apex has round scar of persistent calyx, base has scar of fruit stem. Soft texture. faint odor, sour, astringent, slightly bitter taste.

Traditional TCM Properties

Sour, Astringent; Slightly warmLiverKidney

Traditional Functions

Supplements liver and kidney, astringes essence, secures desertion. Apply to vertigo and tinnitus, cold pain of waist and knees, impotence and seminal emission, anischuria and urinary frequency, metrorrhagia and metrostaxia, exhaustion due to excessive perspiration, feverish dysphoria and diabetes.

How Shan Zhu Yu Is Used in TCM

In the Chinese materia medica, Shan Zhu Yu is classified among the Astringent herbs. It appears in 11 classical formulas in our library.

Formulas containing Shan Zhu Yu are traditionally used for:

Dizziness & VertigoEye DrynessTinnitusNight SweatsFatigue & Low EnergyYin Deficiency ConstitutionFrequent NocturiaEdemaCold LimbsLow LibidoFrequent UrinationDry Cough

Classical Formulas Containing Shan Zhu Yu

+7 more

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Shan Zhu Yu? Are Yu Rou, Jiu Yu Rou and Wu Zhu Yu the same?
Official Shan Zhu Yu (山茱萸) is the dried ripe sarcocarp of Cornus officinalis. The pharmacopoeial name is Corni Fructus, habitually called Yu Rou, Zao Pi or Shan Yu Rou. Use the flesh after removing the pit. Jiu Yu Rou is wine-stewed or wine-steamed: warmer supplementation, less sour. Wu Zhu Yu is the nearly ripe fruit of Evodia: acrid-bitter-hot and slightly toxic, disperses cold to stop pain and directs rebellion downward to stop vomit—one character apart, wholly different source and action. Write Shan Zhu Yu or Jiu Yu Rou; do not dispense Wu Zhu Yu.
What are the TCM properties and traditional uses of Shan Zhu Yu?
According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Shan Zhu Yu is sour, astringent and slightly warm, enters the Liver and Kidney channels, and acts to supplement and benefit Liver and Kidney, and astringe to secure collapse. It is used for dizziness and tinnitus, lumbar-knee aching, impotence and emission, enuresis and urinary frequency, flooding and spotting or vaginal discharge, profuse sweating with collapse, and interior-heat wasting-thirst. Sour-astringent and slightly warm, it supplements while astringing—suited to Liver-Kidney insufficiency and insecure slippage, not to blazing life-gate fire, damp-heat strangury or inhibited urination.
How do you choose raw versus wine-processed Yu Rou? Must the pit be removed?
Securing essence, reducing urination and stopping sweat to secure collapse more often use raw Yu Rou; dizziness, cold lumbar pain, impotence and frequency more often use Jiu Yu Rou. The pit must be removed; the stone is not the official drug. Decoct as usual. Do not mix it with Wu Zhu Yu.
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Learn More About Shan Zhu Yu

Explore our in-depth article covering the traditional uses, properties, functions, and TCM context of Shan Zhu Yu.

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Medical Disclaimer — This article is provided for educational purposes only and describes traditional Chinese medicine concepts. It is not medical advice, and it is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using any herb, particularly if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication or managing a diagnosed condition.

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