Roots and rhizomesExterior-releasingRhizoma Cimicifugae

Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga Rhizome)

升麻 · Sheng Ma

Exterior-releasing herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Traditional functions: Resolves the exterior, vents rashes, clears heat, resolves toxin, raises yang qi.

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Quick Facts

Latin NameRhizoma Cimicifugae
Chinese Name & Pinyin升麻 · Sheng Ma
Medicinal PartRoots and rhizomes
Efficacy CategoryExterior-releasing
Botanical OriginThe dried rhizome of Cimicifuga heracleifoli a Kom., Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim., Cimicifuga foetida L.(Ranunculaceae)
Nature & FlavourAcrid, Slightly sweet; Slightly cold
Channels EnteredLung, Spleen, Stomach, Large Intestine

What Is Sheng Ma?

Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga Rhizome) is a medicinal herb of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Primarily produced in the northeastern China.

Nature & Flavour: Acrid, Slightly sweet; Slightly cold
Channels Entered: Lung, Spleen, Stomach, Large Intestine

Sheng Ma: Materia Medica Profile

Identification & Quality Standard

Rhizoma Cimicifugae

Botanical Origin

The dried rhizome of Cimicifuga heracleifoli a Kom., Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim., Cimicifuga foetida L.(Ranunculaceae)

Production Regions

Primarily produced in the northeastern China.

Quality Requirements

Superior medicinal material has light and loose body, firm texture, black-brown external color and large.

Macroscopic Features

Irregular long lumps, often branched, knotty-shaped, 10~20cm long, 2~4cm diameter. Externally black-brown or brown, rough, with hard remnants of thin rootlet, upper side has numerous round hollow remnants of stem base, inner wall of hole has a reticular pattern, lower side is rough and uneven, with scars of rootlets. Light in weight, hard texture, hard to break, fractured surface is uneven, with cracks, fibrous, yellowish-green or pale yellowish-white. faint odor, slightly bitter and astringent taste.

Traditional TCM Properties

Acrid, Slightly sweet; Slightly coldLungSpleenStomachLarge Intestine

Traditional Functions

Resolves the exterior, vents rashes, clears heat, resolves toxin, raises yang qi. Apply to wind-heat headache, toothache, mouth sore, throat swelling pain, measles does not outthrust, spots due to yang toxin, rectal prolapse, prolapse of uterus.

How Sheng Ma Is Used in TCM

In the Chinese materia medica, Sheng Ma is classified among the Exterior-releasing herbs. It appears in 10 classical formulas in our library.

Formulas containing Sheng Ma are traditionally used for:

TinnitusDizziness & VertigoNasal CongestionHeadacheAllergic RhinitisConstipationFatigue & Low EnergySpontaneous SweatingPoor AppetiteDiarrheaGeneral LethargySusceptible to Colds

Classical Formulas Containing Sheng Ma

+6 more

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Sheng Ma? Are Guan Sheng Ma, Western Sheng Ma, black cohosh and Mi Sheng Ma the same?
Official Sheng Ma (升麻) is the dried rhizome of Cimicifuga heracleifolia, C. dahurica or C. foetida. The pharmacopoeial name is Cimicifugae Rhizoma. Northeast lots are habitually called Guan Sheng Ma. Mi Sheng Ma is honey-fried: milder and more lasting to raise Yang and lift the sunken. Western / black cohosh (Actaea racemosa) is the European menopause-supplement species—not the same plant and not an equal substitute. Vent rashes and resolve toxin with the raw rhizome; raise Yang with honey-fried. Write Sheng Ma or Mi Sheng Ma.
What are the TCM properties and traditional uses of Sheng Ma?
According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Sheng Ma is acrid, slightly sweet and slightly cold, enters the Lung, Spleen, Stomach and Large Intestine channels, and acts to release the exterior and vent rashes, clear heat and resolve toxin, and raise and lift Yang qi. It is used for wind-heat headache, toothache, mouth sores, sore throat, incomplete measles eruption, yang-toxin macular eruption, rectal prolapse and uterine prolapse. Acrid-sweet and slightly cold, it lifts and clears—suited to rash-toxin wanting to vent and middle-qi sinking, not to Yin vacuity with floating Yang, panting fullness with qi counterflow, or measles already fully erupted.
How do you choose raw versus honey-fried Sheng Ma?
Incomplete measles, toothache, mouth sores, sore throat and macular eruption more often use raw Sheng Ma. Qi-vacuity sinking, rectal and uterine prolapse more often use Mi Sheng Ma. Cut thick slices into the decoction. Keep the dose modest; excess may cause dizziness and tremor. Do not substitute Western black cohosh.
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Learn More About Sheng Ma

Explore our in-depth article covering the traditional uses, properties, functions, and TCM context of Sheng Ma.

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Medical Disclaimer — This article is provided for educational purposes only and describes traditional Chinese medicine concepts. It is not medical advice, and it is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using any herb, particularly if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication or managing a diagnosed condition.

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